Synodal Church, Ministerial Church

Abstract

The article explores the relationship between synodality and ministeriality as constitutive dimensions of the Church and its evangelizing mission. Drawing on the synodal process and the ecclesiology of the Second Vatican Council, it presents three essential theological foundations: the link between the Trinity, Christ, and the Church; communion as an ecclesiological key; and Baptism as the foundational sacrament from which the shared dignity and co-responsibility of all members of the People of God arise. From this perspective, synodality is not reduced to structures, meetings, or participatory procedures; rather, it expresses the *modus vivendi et operandi* of a Church journeying together amidst a diversity of vocations, charisms, and ministries. The study also analyzes service as a criterion for understanding the exercise of authority and positions evangelization as a task shared by all the baptized. Building on the conciliar category of the "People of God," it examines the relationship between the common priesthood and the ministerial priesthood, highlighting their diversity and complementarity within the one priesthood of Christ. Particular attention is given to lay ministries—distinguishing between general services, recognized ministries, and instituted ministries (lector, acolyte, and catechist)—and noting the possibilities and risks involved in their development. In contrast to clericalism and a passive view of the laity, the article proposes a co-responsible Church in which received gifts are placed at the service of the community and the mission. Synodality thus emerges as a path to renewing ecclesial life through communion, participation, and evangelizing service.